胃癌前病变（gastric precancerous lesions，GPL）是胃癌二级预防的核心环节，构建可靠的动物模型对其机 制研究和干预评价具有重要意义。本文基于文献数据挖掘，对现有 GPL 动物模型构建方法与应用进行了系统 综述。目前的 GPL 动物模型多选用雄性 Wistar 及 SD 大鼠，以复合诱导法为主流，造模周期集中于 10、12、 16 周；评价体系涵盖病理、炎症等多维度指标。模型应用集中于机制探讨与疗效验证，中西医干预措施各有 侧重。现有模型虽能模拟关键病理特征，但仍存在标准化不足、评价体系不完善及中西医结合模型缺乏等问 题。未来需推动建模与评价标准化，构建更贴近临床病程与病证特点的 GPL 动物模型，为 GPL 的防治研究提 供支撑。

Gastric precancerous lesions （GPL） represent a critical juncture in the secondary prevention of gastric cancer. The establishment of reliable animal models is of significant importance for investigating its pathogenesis and evaluating therapeutic interventions. Based on a data mining analysis of the literature，this paper provides a systematic review of current methodologies for constructing GPL models and their applications. Current GPL models predominantly utilize male Wistar and SD rats， with the compound induction method being the most prevalent approach. Model induction periods are typically concentrated at 10， 12， and 16 weeks. The evaluation system encompasses multidimensional indicators，including pathological and inflammatory markers. The application of these models is primarily focused on mechanistic exploration and efficacy validation， with distinct emphases between Chinese and western interventions. Although existing models can simulate key pathological features of GPL，challenges remain，including a lack of standardization， an imperfect evaluation system， and a scarcity of models integrating Chinese and western medicine. Future efforts should be directed towards standardizing model construction and evaluation，developing animal models that more closely mirror the clinical course and disease characteristics， thereby providing robust support for research into the prevention and treatment of GPL.

R285.5；R-332

癌症、心脑血管、呼吸和代谢性疾病防治研究国家科技重大专项（2024ZD0521000）；广州中医药大学校院联合科技创新基金项目 （GZYFS2024U02）。