溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种肠道炎症性疾病，严重影响患者日常生活及健康。肠黏膜屏障是由机械屏障、 免疫屏障、生物屏障、化学屏障组成的黏膜结构，能够维护肠黏膜功能，在 UC 的发生、发展中具有重要作 用。研究发现，肠黏膜屏障损伤可通过炎症损伤、微生物-宿主互作失衡、细胞凋亡过度、细胞增殖受阻等途 径诱发 UC，而中医药可通过修复机械屏障、调控免疫屏障、重建生物屏障、加固化学屏障等途径修复肠黏膜 屏障功能，减轻 UC 症状。该文系统概括了肠黏膜屏障结构、功能与 UC 的关联内容，并总结了中医药通过多 途径修复肠黏膜屏障治疗 UC 的研究进展，可为 UC 的临床治疗及药理研究提供理论基础。

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is an intestinal inflammatory disease that severely impacts patients’ daily life and health. The intestinal mucosal barrier is a mucosal structure composed of mechanical， immune， biological， and chemical barriers，which maintains intestinal mucosal function and plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of UC. Research has found that damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier can trigger UC through pathways such as inflammatory injury， imbalance in microbe-host interactions， excessive apoptosis， and impaired cell proliferation. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can repair intestinal mucosal barrier function and alleviate UC symptoms by restoring the mechanical barrier，regulating the immune barrier，reconstructing the biological barrier，and reinforcing the chemical barrier. This article systematically outlines the associations between the structure and function of the intestinal mucosal barrier and UC， and summarizes recent research progress on TCM treating UC by repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier through multiple pathways，aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment and pharmacological research of UC.

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国家自然科学基金项目（81860810，82460897）；甘肃省中医药科研课题项目（GZKP-2022-36）；兰州市第二批科技计划项目（2023-2- 115）；中医学一级学科“岐黄英才”导师专项基金博导项目（ZYXKBD-202411）；甘肃中医药大学（博士）研究生创新创业基金项目（2023CX16）。