目的 探析肝纤维化的发病机制，基于临床病证特点，对现有的肝纤维化动物模型特点进行归纳分析并 提出改进建议，寻求更精准的动物模型构建方法。方法 通过查阅肝纤维化及其动物模型相关文献，对肝纤维 化的病因病机、诊断标准及常见的肝纤维化动物模型的模型复制对象、模型复制方法、临床表现吻合度进行分 析。结果 小鼠腹腔注射四氯化碳 （CCl4 ） 模型与临床特点吻合度最高。结论 当前肝纤维化模型复制实验动物 多选用啮齿类动物，在模拟临床病症时存在一定局限性。未来应着重加强非人类灵长类动物模型的研究，进一 步完善实验动物评价标准，从而构建出更能精准反映临床特征的动物模型，为肝纤维化的治疗研究提供有力 支撑。

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and analyze the characteristics of existing animal models based on clinical features，with the aim of proposing improvements and identifying more accurate modeling approaches. Methods Literature on liver fibrosis and its animal models was reviewed to analyze the etiology， pathogenesis，diagnostic criteria，and the alignment between model replication methods （including model subjects and techniques） and clinical manifestations. Results The carbon tetrachloride （CCl4 ）-induced intraperitoneal injection model in mice demonstrated the highest consistency with clinical features. Conclusion Current liver fibrosis models predominantly use rodents，which exhibit limitations in replicating clinical conditions. Future research should prioritize non-human primate models and refine evaluation standards to develop animal models that more precisely mirror clinical characteristics，thereby advancing therapeutic studies for liver fibrosis.

R-332；R285.5

国家自然科学基金项目 （82074329，82360917） ；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目[ （2023） -85号]。