[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 观察健脾祛湿消脂方(JQXF)对代谢相关脂肪性肝炎(MASH)患者的临床疗效,并利用网络药理学 方法分析其作用机制。方法 (1)选取 2023 年 10 月至 2024 年 4 月在惠州市中医医院就诊的脾虚湿阻型 MASH 患者 60 例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各 30 例。对照组给予易善复口服,每次 456 mg,每日 3 次; 观察组在对照组基础上给予 JQXF 口服治疗,每日 1 剂,两组疗程均为 4 周。观察指标:①肝脏脂肪受控衰减 参数(CAP)数值;②肝功能及糖脂代谢指标:血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、 γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素 (FINS)水平及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMAIR);③氧化应激及炎症指标:血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素 6(IL-6)水平;④中医证候积 分。(2)通过 TCMSP、PubChem、Swiss Target Prediction 数据库检索、筛选 JQXF 活性成分及其作用靶点;通过 GeneCards 数据库检索、筛选 MASH 疾病相关靶点;对 MASH 疾病相关靶点与 JQXF 活性成分作用靶点取交 集,即为 JQXF 治疗 MASH 的潜在作用靶点。通过 STRING 12.0 平台构建潜在作用靶点的蛋白互作(PPI)网络, 筛选出核心靶点;通过 Cytoscape 3.10.2 软件构建“药物-成分-疾病-核心靶点”网络,筛选出 JQXF 治疗 MASH 的关键靶点与关键活性成分;通过 DAVID 平台对潜在作用靶进行 GO 功能及 KEGG 通路富集分析;对 关键活性成分与关键靶点进行分子对接验证。结果 (1)治疗后,对照组患者的血清 ALT、AST 水平均明显降 低(P<0.05),观察组患者的血清 ALT、AST、GGT 水平均明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P< 0.05);两组患者的肝脏 CAP 值均明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组的 CAP 值 改善有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的血清 TG、LDL-C、FINS 水平及 HOMAIR 均明显降低(P< 0.05),且观察组的血清 TG、LDL-C 水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的血清 TNF-α、IL-6、MDA 水 平均明显降低(P<0.05),SOD、GSH-Px 水平均明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组的血清 TNF-α、IL-6、MDA 水 平明显低于对照组(P<0.05),SOD、GSH-Px 水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的各中医症状积分及 证候总积分均明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组的治疗总有效率为 90.0%(27/30), 明显高于对照组的 66.6%(20/30,P<0.05)。(2)经筛选去重后得到 JQXF 活性成分共 102 个、作用靶点 251 个, 得到 MASH 疾病相关靶点 1 032 个,二者映射取交集得到 JQXF 治疗 MASH 的潜在作用靶点 105 个。根据拓扑 参数综合筛选出 JQXF 治疗 MASH 的关键靶点 9 个(AKT1、TNF、TP53、IL6、PPARG、JUN、STAT3、ESR1、 PTGS2),关键活性成分 7 个(槲皮素、山柰酚、川陈皮素、木犀草素、黄芩素、柚皮素、丹参酮ⅡA)。潜在作 用靶点主要涉及炎症反应、PI3Ks/Akt 信号转导调节、细胞对缺氧的反应、经典 NF-κB 信号转导反应的正调控 等生物过程,以及 TNF、NAFLD 等信号通路。关键活性成分与关键靶点均能稳定结合,尤其是槲皮素、木犀 草素与 AKT1、PTGS2 均有较强的结合活性。结论 JQXF 能够降低 MASH 患者肝脏脂肪变,改善其临床症状、 肝功能、糖脂代谢指标、氧化应激及炎症程度。其作用机制可能是通过槲皮素、山柰酚、柚皮素、木犀草素、黄芩素等关键活性成分,作用于 PPARG、AKT1、PPARA、TNF、STAT3、JUN 等关键靶点,调控 PI3K/Akt/ Nrf2、TNF、NF-κB 等信号通路。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Jianpi Qushi Xiaozhi Formula (JQXF) in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with spleen deficiency-dampness obstruction syndrome and to analyze its mechanism via network pharmacology. Methods (1) Sixty MASH patients with spleen deficiency-dampness obstruction syndrome,treated at Huizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between October 2023 and April 2024,were randomized into an observation group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The control group received oral Essentiale Forte (456 mg,three times daily),while the observation group received additional JQXF (1 dose daily). Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. Outcome measures included: ① liver fat content via controlled attenuation parameter (CAP); ② liver function and glucolipid metabolism indices: serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ -glutamyl transferase (GGT), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),fasting blood glucose (FBG),fasting insulin (FINS),and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR);③oxidative stress and inflammatory markers:serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-6 (IL-6);④traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores.(2) Active components and targets of JQXF were retrieved from TCMSP,PubChem,and Swiss Target Prediction databases. MASH-related targets were identified via GeneCards. Overlapping targets between JQXF and MASH were analyzed as potential therapeutic targets. A proteinprotein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING 12.0, and core targets were screened. A “drugcomponent-disease-core target” network was established via Cytoscape 3.10.2 to identify key targets and components. Functional enrichment (GO) and pathway (KEGG) analyses were performed using DAVID. Molecular docking validated interactions between key components and targets. Results (1)After treatment, the serum ALT and AST levels of patients in the control group were significantly reduced (P<0.05),the serum ALT,AST and GGT levels of patients in the observation group were significantly reduced (P<0.05),and the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); the hepatic CAP values of patients in the two groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05),the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05),and the effective rate of improvement of CAP value in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0.05);serum TG,LDL-C,FINS levels and HOMAIR were significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.05),and serum TG and LDL-C levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); serum TNF-α,IL-6 in both groups,MDA levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05),and SOD and GSH-Px levels were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the serum TNF-α,IL-6 and MDA levels of the observation group were significantly decreased (P<0.05),and the levels of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly increased (P<0.05) than those of the control group;all traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores and the total scores of TCM syndrome score of the patients of the two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05),and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05),and the total effective rate of treatment in the observation group (90.0%, 27/30) was significantly higher than that of the control group (66.6%, 20/30, P<0.05).(2) Network pharmacology identified 102 active components and 251 targets in JQXF, intersecting with 1 032 MASH-related targets to yield 105 potential therapeutic targets. Nine core targets (AKT1, TNF, TP53, IL6, PPARG, JUN, STAT3, ESR1, PTGS2) and seven key components (quercetin, kaempferol, nobiletin, luteolin, baicalein, naringenin,tanshinone IIA) were identified. Key biological processes included regulation of inflammatory responses, PI3K/Akt signaling, hypoxia response, and NF- κB signaling, involving TNF and NAFLD pathways. Molecular docking confirmed stable binding between key components (e.g.,quercetin,luteolin) and targets (AKT1,PTGS2). Conclusion JQXF ameliorates liver steatosis, clinical symptoms, liver function, glucolipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation in MASH patients. Its mechanism likely involves quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, luteolin,and baicalein acting on PPARG,AKT1,TNF,STAT3,and JUN to regulate PI3K/Akt/Nrf2,TNF,and NF-κB pathways.
[中图分类号]
R285.6;R285.5;R256.3
[基金项目]
广东省中医药局科研项目(20231352)。