目的 建立三子散中诃子、川楝子和栀子 3 味药材的高效薄层色谱（HPTLC）指纹图谱鉴别方法，分析三 子散质量的一致性和差异成分。方法 利用 HPTLC 技术，使用硅胶 G60 高效薄层板，其中川楝子使用二氯甲 烷-甲醇（16∶1）为展开剂展开，喷以 10% 的硫酸乙醇溶液加热后显色；栀子使用丙酮-乙酸乙酯-水-甲酸 （5∶5∶1∶1）为展开剂展开，喷以 10% 硫酸乙醇溶液加热显色；诃子使用三氯甲烷-丙酮-甲酸（7∶2∶1）为展开剂 展开，氨水蒸汽显色。通过多色标度扫描技术建立诃子、川楝子和栀子 3 种药材的 HPTLC 指纹图谱，并运用 相似度评价和主成分分析（PCA）化学计量学方法对制剂质量的一致性和差异成分进行分析。结果 建立的 3 种药材 HPTLC 指纹图谱中，川楝子的特征共有峰有 3 个，栀子有 2 个，诃子有 7 个。12 批三子散制剂的指 纹图谱相似度均＞0.96。差异成分分析结果显示，不同生产厂家所生产的三子散可分为 3 组，并鉴定出以没食 子酸为代表的 5 个影响制剂质量的差异成分。结论 建立的三子散 HPTLC 指纹图谱鉴别方法可行，该方法可 提高三子散制剂的质量标准，可为其他中药复方制剂的质量控制提供更多参考。

Objective To establish a high-performance thin-layer chromatography （HPTLC） fingerprint identification method for the three medicinal materials of Chebulae Fructus，Toosendan Fructus and Gardenia Fructus in Sanzi San， and to analyze the consistency and differential components of the quality of Sanzi San. Methods HPTLC technique was used with silica gel G60 high-performance thin-layer plates. Toosendan Fructus was developed with dichloromethanemethanol（16∶1） as the developing agent and sprayed with 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution for heating and color development， Gardenia Fructus was developed with acetone-ethyl acetate-water-formic acid（5∶5∶1∶1） as the developing agent and sprayed with 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution for heating and color development， Chebulae Fructus was developed with chloroform-acetone-formic acid（7∶2∶1） as the developing agent and developed with ammonia vapor for color development. The HPTLC fingerprints of Chebulae Fructus，Toosendan Fructus and Gardenia Fructus were established by multicolor scale scanning technology，and the consistency and differential components of the quality of the preparations were analyzed by similarity evaluation and principal component analysis（PCA） chemometrics methods. Results In the HPTLC fingerprints of the three medicinal materials，Toosendan Fructus had three common characteristic peaks，Gardenia Fructus had two，and Chebulae Fructus had seven. The similarity of the fingerprints of 12 batches of Sanzi San preparations was all > 0.96，the analysis of differential components showed that the Sanzi San preparations produced by different manufacturers could be divided into three groups，and five differential components affecting the quality of the preparations， represented by gallic acid were identified. Conclusion The HPTLC fingerprint identification method for Sanzi San is feasible. This method can improve the quality standard of Sanzi San preparations and provide more references for the quality control of other Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation.

R284.1

内蒙古自治区科技重大专项课题（2021SZD0030）。