目的 对比分析降香与越南降香的挥发性成分，筛选二者的差异性成分。方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取 挥发油，利用气相色谱-质谱联用法（GC-MS）检测降香与越南降香的挥发性成分；采用主成分分析（PCA）和正 交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（OPLS-DA）筛选降香与越南降香间的差异性成分。结果 与降香组比较，越南降香 的挥发油提取率为 1.60%~4.03%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。GC-MS 分析得到降香与越南降香挥发油主 要成分分别有 19、20 个，共有成分 18 个，主要共有成分有环氧化蛇麻烯Ⅱ、橙花叔醇等。降香与越南降香 比较，具有统计学意义的挥发油差异性成分有 5 个，其中能够鉴别降香与越南降香的标志性差异成分为（+）- β-柏木烯、α-红没药醇、2，10-二甲基-9-十一烯醛。结论 越南降香挥发性成分与降香相似度高，（+）-β-柏 木烯、α-红没药醇、2，10-二甲基-9-十一烯醛可作为鉴别降香与越南降香的标志性差异成分。

Objective The volatile components of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum were compared and analyzed，and the differential components of the two were screened. Methods The volatile oil of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum was extracted by steam distillation；the components of the volatile oil were tested by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer （GC-MS）；the Principal Component Analysis （PCA） and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis （OPLS-DA） were used to find out the different components of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum. Results The extraction rate of volatile oil from Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum was 1.60%-4.03%， which was significantly different from that of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum group （P＜0.05）. GC-MS analysis showed that there were 19 and 20 main components in the volatile oil of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum，respectively，and 18 common components. The main common components were epoxidized helicene II and nerolidol. There were five volatile oil components with statistically significant differences between Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum. Among them，（+）-β-cedrene，α-bisabolol and 2，10-dimethyl-9-undecenal were the landmark components that could identify Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum from Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum. Conclusion The volatile components of Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum have high similarity with Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum. （+）- β -cedrene，α-bisabolol and 2，10-dimethyl-9-undecanal can be used as the marker components to identify Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Dalbergiae Tonkinensise Lignum.

R282.71

张丹雁全国老药工传承工作室建设项目（国中医药人教函〔2024〕255号）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目（2022A1515010337）