目的 观察地奥心血康对动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法 采用高脂饮食饲喂ApoE-/-小鼠建立 AS 模型，同期灌胃给予地奥心血康（80、160 mg•kg-1）、辛伐他汀（1.3 mg•kg-1），于 18 周后测定小鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平；油红 O 染色法观察主动脉斑块及肝脏脂滴形成；16S rRNA 微生物多样性分析小鼠粪便菌群变化。结果 与模型组比较，地奥心血康高剂量组和辛伐他汀组小鼠血清 TC、TG、LDL-C 水平明显降低（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），HDL-C 明显升高（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）；主动脉斑块及肝脏脂滴形成均得到不同程度的抑制（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）。α 和 β 多样性分析显示，各组样本点能够显著分离。与对照组比较，模型组 Akkermansia 菌群丰度明显降低（P＜0.01），给予地奥心血康可升高 AS 小鼠 Akkermansia 菌群丰度（P＜0.05），且与 TC、TG、LDL-C 和肝脏脂滴面积等指标呈负相关（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）。结论 地奥心血康的降脂和抗 AS 作用可能与调节肠道菌群失衡，提高益生菌 Akkermansia 丰度有关。

Objective To observe the effect of Di’ao Xinxuekang （XXK） on gut microbiota in atherosclerosis（AS）model mice. Methods ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet to establish the AS model，concurrently administered with XXK （80， 160 mg•kg-1） and simvastatin （1.3 mg•kg-1）. After 18 weeks of the treatment， serum levels of total cholesterol （TC），triglycerides （TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C），and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） were measured in mice. Oil Red O staining was used to observe the formation of aortic plaque and hepatic lipid droplets. 16S rRNA microbiota diversity analysis was performed to study changes of fecal microbiota in mice. Results Comparison with the model group，serum levels of TC，TG，and LDL-C in XXK high-dose group and simvastatin group were significantly reduced （P＜0.05，P＜0.01），while HDL-C levels were significantly increased（P＜0.05，P＜0.01） . The formation of aortic plaque and hepatic lipid droplets was significantly inhibited to varying degrees （P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. Alpha and beta diversity analyses indicated good separation in sample clusters of each group. Compared with the control group，the abundance of Akkermansia in the model group significantly decreased （P＜0.01）. But the treatment with XXK increased the abundance of Akkermansia （P＜0.05），which negatively correlated with the levels of TC，TG and LDL-C，and hepatic lipid droplet area （P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. Conclusion The lipid lowering and anti-AS effects of XXK may be related to its modulation of gut microbiota dysbiosis and enhancement of the abundance of the beneficial bacterium Akkermansia.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（82004175）