阿尔茨海默病 （AD） 是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其发病率逐年增长，目前还没有理想的治疗手段，已经成为全球范围内的公共卫生难题。中医认为肾虚是伴随着 AD 进程的恶化及证候时序演化的关键证候要素，补肾填精益髓是中医治疗痴呆的根本治法。临床研究表明补肾方剂能显著改善轻、中度 AD 患者的认知功能和日常生活自理能力，且无明显的不良反应发生。其作用机制可能与保护神经，降低脑 β 淀粉样蛋白 （Aβ）水平，抑制炎症因子激活及抗氧化应激等有关。该文综述了补肾方剂治疗 AD 的临床及药理研究进展，从中医理论及现代医学研究方面探讨了补肾方剂防治 AD 的优势和不足，以期为中医补肾疗法防治神经退行性疾病提供参考。

Alzheimer’ s disease（AD） is a common neurodegenerative disease with increasing incidence rate. Up to now，there is no ideal treatment for AD. It has become a public health problem worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） believes that kidney deficiency is the key symptomatic element of deterioration and temporal progression symptoms，accompanied by the AD process. The treatment of tonifying kidneys，supplementing essence and replenishing marrow is the fundamental method for AD in TCM. Clinical studies have shown that kidney-tonifying formula can significantly improve the cognitive function and daily ability of patients with mild and moderate AD and have no obvious adverse reactions. Its mechanism of action may be related to the protection of nerves，reduction of β-amyloid （Aβ） level in the brain，inhibition of inflammatory factors activation and anti-oxidative stress. Besides reviewing the clinical and pharmacological research progress of kidney-tonifying formula for AD，this article also discusses the advantages and shortcomings of kidney-tonifying formula in the prevention and treatment of AD based on TCM theory and modern medical research. The aim of this study is to provide references of kidney nourishing therapy in TCM for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

R285.6；R285.5

国家自然科学基金项目 （82074278）。