目的 建立肾虚型子宫内膜容受障碍大鼠模型，探讨子宫内膜容受性与自然流产的相关性。方法 以羟基脲建立肾虚型子宫内膜容受障碍大鼠模型，比较模型组与正常对照组大鼠动情期内膜腺体腺腔个数、面积，腺上皮超微结构，血清雌二醇(E2)、黄体酮(P)含量。于模型大鼠妊娠第11天，比较模型妊娠组与正常妊娠组大鼠胚胎数及胚胎吸收率，血清E2、P含量。结果 与正常对照组比较，模型组大鼠内膜腺上皮表面微绒毛分布稀疏，腺上皮细胞内可见较多空泡化线粒体，内质网数量较少，核糖体减少、散在。与正常妊娠组大鼠比较，模型妊娠组大鼠有胚胎数减少、胚胎吸收率增加的趋势，但差异无统计学意义。结论 羟基脲可复制子宫内膜容受障碍大鼠模型，该模型可用于因子宫内膜容受性不良导致的不孕、自然流产的相关研究。

Objective To establish kidney deficiency rat model of deficient endometrial receptivity，and to investigate the relationship between endometrial receptivity and spontaneous abortion. Methods We established the kidney deficiency rat model of deficient endometrial receptivity by hydroxyl urea. During the experiment，we compared the number of glands and glandular cavity，the area of glandular cavity，and ultrastructure of glandular epithelium of the endometrium as well as serum estrogen(E2) and progesterone(P) contents of model rats and normal rats in oestrus. On pregnant day 11 for the model rats，fetus number，fetal resorption rate，and serum E2 and P contents were compared with those in the normal rats. Results Compared with the normal rats，the distribution of microvilli on glandular epithelium of model rats was sparse，and the mitochondria became vacuolization，the number of endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes was decreased in epithelia cells. The fetus number became less and fetal resorption rate of model pregnant rats was higher than those of normal pregnant rats，but there were no statistical differences between the two groups. Conclusion Hydroxyl urea could be used to establish kidney deficiency rat model of deficient endometrial receptivity，and the model can be expected for the usage in the study of infertility or spontaneous disorder induced by deficient endometrial receptivity.

R711.6；R714.21

广东省教育厅普通高校“中医女性生殖调节与安全性研究”重点实验室开放基金项目(ZF201115)。