目的 观察冰香散挥发油对甲Ⅰ型流感病毒(H1N1)感染小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及细胞因子分泌的影响，探讨其影响机体免疫应答的作用机制。方法 冰香散挥发油不同途径给药(滴鼻、雾化)对甲Ⅰ型流感病毒感染小鼠干预性给药，用CCK-8法检测冰香散对刀豆蛋白A(ConA)、革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁脂多糖(LPS)诱导T、B淋巴细胞增殖的影响；酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测冰香散对白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-2(IL-2)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)等相关细胞因子的影响。结果 与正常对照组比较，模型组H1N1对小鼠脾B淋巴细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用(P < 0.05)，明显提升了TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-2等相关致炎因子的水平(P < 0.05)，而对IL-4等抗炎因子提升并不明显；利巴韦林对感染小鼠脾B淋巴细胞增殖有明显的增强作用(P < 0.01)，明显提高IL-4和IFN-γ的水平，同时降低TNF-α水平(P < 0.05)；冰香散滴鼻能促进感染小鼠脾B淋巴细胞的增殖(P < 0.05)，抑制IL-2和TNF-α的分泌(P < 0.05)；冰香散雾化能促进感染小鼠脾T淋巴细胞的增殖(P < 0.05)，促进IL-4和IFN-γ产生的同时，抑制IL-2的分泌(P < 0.05)。结论 冰香散挥发油对甲Ⅰ型流感病毒感染小鼠脾细胞活性有一定的促进作用，对Th1/Th2免疫平衡有一定的调节作用，但不同给药途径(滴鼻、雾化)的抗病毒免疫机制有所不同。

Objective To observe the effect of volatile oil of Bingxiang Powder on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion in mice infected with influenza A(H1N1) virus by different administration methods，and to explore its possible mechanism during immune response. Methods We administered the essential oil of Bingxiang Powder by dripping nose or by atomization，and then used CCK-8 to detect the proliferation of lymphocyte T and B induced by concanavalin(ConA) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)，and used enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) to detect the levels of interleukin 4(IL-4)，interleukin 2(IL-2)，interferon gamma(IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α). Results H1N1 showed obvious inhibitory effect on the proliferation of mice splenic lymphocyte B(P < 0.05 compared with that in the normal control group)，increased the levels of inflammatory factors of TNF-α，IFN-γ and IL-2(P < 0.05)，but had no effect on IL-4 level. Ribovirin enhanced the splenic lymphocyte B proliferation(P < 0.01)，increased IL-4 and IFN-γ levels and decreased TNF-α level(P < 0.05). Bingxiang Powder by dripping nose or by atomization promoted splenic lymphocyte B and T proliferation，and inhibited the secretion of IL-2 in mice infected with H1N1(P < 0.05). The administration of Bingxiang Powder by dripping nose could also inhibit the secretion of TNF-α(P < 0.05)，and Bingxiang Powder by atomization promoted production of IL-4 and IFN-γ(P < 0.05). Conclusion The volatile oil of Bingxiang Powder has certain effect on promoting the activates of spenic lymphocytes in mice infected with influenza A，and can regulate the balance of Th1/Th2. The anti-viral immunoregulation mechanism varies in the administration methods of dripping nose or atomization.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金项目(81072948)；广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(S2012030006598)；广东省建设中医药强省立项资助科研课题(2010397)。