目的研究苦杏仁、桔梗及其配伍的祛痰作用，并确定其最佳配伍比例。方法将动物分为苦杏仁组、桔梗组以及不同配伍比例组。从大鼠气管插入毛细管，记录气管的排痰量；制备脂多糖致大鼠肺黏液高分泌模型，采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定肺泡灌洗液(BLAF)中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平，采用阿辛蓝-过碘酸雪夫染色(AB-PAS)，镜下检测杯状细胞分泌黏蛋白，采用PV-6000二步法免疫组织化学染色(IHC)，镜下和定量检测肺气道上皮细胞MUC5AC蛋白的表达。结果苦杏仁、桔梗及其配伍均能显著增加大鼠痰液分泌量(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)；显著减轻脂多糖致大鼠肺黏液高分泌模型的气道上皮损伤，减少肺间质内炎症细胞浸润，降低黏蛋白的分泌，下调MUC5AC黏蛋白的表达(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)；显著抑制BLAF中TNF-α和IL-8升高(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)；配伍组上述作用不同程度地强于苦杏仁组或桔梗组，以1 ∶ 2配伍组作用最强。结论苦杏仁和桔梗有配伍增效作用，最佳配伍比例为1 ∶ 2。

Objective To observe the effect of Semen Armeniacae Amarum，Radix Platycodi and their combinations on expelling phlegm and to determine their best combination ratio. Methods SD rats were randomly divided Semen Armeniacae Amarum group，Radix Platycodi group and combination groups at different compatibility ratio. Capillary tube was inserted into the rat trachea for the detection of the volume of sputum secretion. Rat model of lung mucus hypersecretion was induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). The levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin 8(IL-8)in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BLAF) or rats were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)，the function of mucin secretion in goblet cells was detected by alcian blue- periodic acid Schiff stain(AB-PAS)under microscope，and the expression of mucin MUC5AC in airway epithelial cells was observed under microscope by PV-6000 two-step immunohistochemistry. Results Semen Armeniacae Amarum，Radix Platycodi and their combinations all significantly promoted the sputum secretion in rats(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 vs the control group)，relieved airway epithelial damage，reduced pulmonary interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration，decreased the secretion of mucin，down-regulated the expression of the mucin MUC5AC，inhibited the elevated levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in rat BLAF(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 vs the model group). The effect of their combinations was superior to Semen Armeniacae Amarum or Radix Platycodi，and the combination at compatibility ratio of 1 ∶ 2 had the best effect. Conclusion The compatibility of Semen Armeniacae Amarum and Radix Platycodi has synergistic action on expelling sputum，and the optimal compatibility ratio was 1 ∶ 2.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(30901994)。