目的 对现有胆石症动物模型进行整理归纳，探索可更好反映中西医临床病证特点，满足中医药临床与基础研究发展需要的动物模型。方法 检索中国知网、万方、维普、SinoMed、PubMed 等数据库，对国内外胆石症相关实验研究的动物模型进行搜集和整理，对模型的动物种类、造模方法、造模周期、检测指标和阳性药等数据进行统计和分析。结果 纳入的 128 篇文献中，胆石症模型的动物种类以豚鼠、家兔和 C57BL/6 小鼠为主。使用最多的造模方法为高脂饲料法，饲料喂养周期集中在 8 周。高频检测指标为成石率、总胆固醇、磷脂、总胆红素、总胆汁酸等。较多使用的干预方式为中药复方、西药和单味中药或提取物，西药干预以熊去氧胆酸 （Ursodeoxycholic acid，UDCA） 为主，中药干预以中药复方为主，还包括针灸、运动、饮食等其他干预方式。实验设立阳性对照药多为 UDCA。结论 随着胆石症动物模型的不断完善和发展，目前有较多种造模方法都较好地模拟了胆石症中西医临床表现特点，但也存在一定局限性。该文分析结果可为胆石症模型的选择、应用和完善提供参考。

Objective To summarize the existing animal models of cholelithiasis，and to explore a pathological model that can better reflect the characteristics of clinical syndromes of traditional Chinese and western medicine and meet the needs of the development of clinical and basic research of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods The animal models for experimental research on cholelithiasis at home and abroad were collected and sorted out by searching CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，SinoMed，PubMed and other databases. The animal types，modeling methods，modeling cycles，detection indicators and positive drugs of the models were statistically analyzed. Results Among the 128 articles included，the animal types of cholelithiasis models were mainly guinea pigs，rabbits and C57BL/6J mice. The most used modeling method is high-fat diet，and the feeding cycle takes eight weeks to complete. High-frequency detection indicators were stone formation rate，total cholesterol，phospholipids，total bilirubin，total bile acid，etc. The commonly used intervention methods are traditional Chinese medicine compound，western medicine and single Chinese medicine or extract. Ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） is mainly used for western medicine intervention，whereas the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine mainly includes traditional Chinese medicine compound，acupuncture，exercise，diet and other methods. The positive control drug in the experiment was mostly UDCA. Conclusion With the continuous improvement and development of cholelithiasis animal model，there are many kinds of modeling methods to simulate the clinical manifestations of cholelithiasis in Chinese and western medicine，but there are also some limitations. This paper aims to provide reference for the selection，application and improvement of cholelithiasis model through data mining and characteristic analysis.

R-332；R285.5

国家自然科学基金项目 （82074340）；河南省“双一流”创建学科中医学科学研究专项 （HSRP-DFCTCM-2023-1-19）。