目的探讨补阳还五汤对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织TLR4表达的影响。方法72只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和补阳还五汤组，每组按给药后7、14、21 d 3个时间点再各分3组，用免疫组化、Western blot、RT-PCR法检测各组不同时间点TLR4的蛋白和基因表达。结果模型组和补阳还五汤组各时间点TLR4蛋白和mRNA表达均高于假手术组(P ＜ 0.05)，补阳还五汤组在第7、14天TLR4蛋白表达明显低于模型组，但TLR4 mRNA水平在第7天、14天却明显高于模型组，差异均有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05)。结论补阳还五汤通过调节缺血后脑组织TLR4的表达可能是其治疗脑缺血的作用机制之一。

Objective To observe the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on TLR4 expression in brain tissue of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group，model group，and Buyang Huanwu Decoction group. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the time after administration for 7d，14d and 21d respectively. TLR4 protein and mRNA levels in each group were examined by using immunohistochemistry，Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively. Results Expression of TLR4 protein and mRNA at each time point were increased in the model group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction group as compared with the corresponding sham group(P ＜ 0.05). Expression of TLR4 protein in Buyang Huanwu Decoction group was significantly lower than the model group on day 14，but the level of TLR4 mRNA on day 7 and 14 was significantly higher than the model group，and the differences were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Buyang Huanwu Decoction in regulating cerebral TLR4 expression of ischemia rats may be one of its therapeutic mechanisms for cerebral ischemia.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(81072939)；湖南省科技计划项目(2011SK3103)；湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(12JJ5046)。